During the breeding season, dominant stags create "wallows" by digging into moist earth with their hooves and antlers. They often urinate in this mud and then roll in it. This coats their shaggy fur in a pungent scent that announces their presence, strength, and "readiness" to both rivals and females. The mud serves as a protective layer against biting insects, ticks, and lice. Once the mud dries and falls off, it takes many of these skin parasites with it. In addition, a thick coating of wet mud acts as a natural coolant, helping them regulate their body temperature.